About Face and Vertex Normals

When talking about meshes in Pixyz (be it mesh generation using Tessellation, or mesh optimization with Decimation for example), it is important to understand how a mesh is built.

Basically, a mesh is made of a collection of polygons (triangles, quadrangles, n-gons…), delimited by edges and vertices.

A closed polygon defines a face, which can be facing in one direction or the other. The face normal defines its direction.

A closed polygon has vertices at each corner, and each vertex has its own normal. The vertex normal defines how virtual light will bounce off the mesh, defining a smoothing for the underlying mesh.

The normals of the vertices are attributes of the mesh.

Additionally to normals, a mesh can have other attributes like UVs, tangents, binormals, etc. that define how it will behave when rendered in a 3D application.

Please have a look the following pages to learn more about meshes and meshes attributes

• The Anatomy of a Mesh page in Unity documentation
• The section What are Surface Normals? in Unity documentation
• Polygon Mesh article on Wikipedia